Basic Principle of Solar Energy
Photovoltaic (PV) Systems:
Systems that convert sunlight directly into electricity. Photovoltaic panels absorb photons from sunlight to produce electric current in semiconductor materials in photovoltaic cells. These panels are usually silicon-based and are most commonly used in homes, commercial buildings, and industrial facilities. When sunlight photons hit the cells, free electrons are created in the semiconductor materials in these cells. These free electrons create electric current.
Solar Thermal Systems:
Systems that convert sunlight into heat. Solar thermal panels heat a liquid by absorbing sunlight, producing usable heat energy. This heat can be used to heat water, provide hot water, or even generate electricity. Solar thermal systems are used primarily in large-scale power generation and industrial heating processes.